Cells

=**Cells**= The cell is as fundamental to biology as the atom is to chemistry. All organisms are made of cells. The cell is the simplest collection of matter that can live. There are many forms of life existign as single celled organisms. More complex organisms, including plants adn animals, are multicellualr; theri bodies are cooperatives of many kinds of specialised cells that could not survive for long on their own. Everything that an organism does occurs fundamentally at the cellualr level. that is why we study cells.
 * 2.1 Cell Theory**
 * 2.2 Prokaryotic cells**
 * 2.3 Eukaryotic cells**
 * 2.4 Cell membranes**
 * 2.5 Cell Division**
 * [|Amazing cells]**

Below is a link the first part of the TV series 'Cells' shown by the bbc. It was a three part series, (1)The hidden Kingdom; (2)The Chemistry of life; (3) The Spark of Life, which has been cut into 12 parts and avaialbe on youtube. Once you have opened this link all other sections are readily available.

=2.1 Cell Theory=


 * all living things are made of cells
 * all cells arise form pre-existing cells
 * cells contain inherited information which controls theri activities



=Microscope Measurements= It's all a matter of [|scale]

=Surface area and Volume=

Multicellular organisms consist of many cells (humans around 3 billion). Rather than all these cells carrying out all the functions of the organisms there is a division of labour, meaning that cells become specialized and, in turn, more efficient in carrying out these limited number of functions. Cells in multicellular organisms therefore develop in different ways. This is called **differentiation.** Each cell in an organism contains all the information (genes) to carry out all the functions of the body, but at a certain point in it’s development only certain genes are activated. It is this selective activation of genes that decides the destiny of the cell. Once the genes have been activated, the cells destiny has been fixed and now cannot be changed. The human body contains hundreds of different types of cells: muscle, nerve, liver, retinal etc. This division of labour results in multicellular organisms showing emergent properties, ie the whole organism is more than the sum of its parts due to the complex interaction between the different cells. This is similar to the watch showing properties which are not evident in the component parts and was the argument used by William Paley for the existence of a God. [|Cell Differentiation] video
 * Multicellular Organisms and Differentiation **

=Stem cell= In[|troductory video to stem cells (part of Project)] [|Controversial stem cells video (part of Project)] Stem cell research [|articles] Stem cells[| video] Stem cells [|Bush video] [] [] =2.2 Prokaryotes=

=2.3 Eukaryotes=

=2.4 Membranes=

=2.5 Cell Division=

**Cancer**
media type="youtube" key="LEpTTolebqo" height="315" width="560" [|How life style could affect your chances of cancer]
 * [|Cancer video]**
 * [|How cancer grows (walk through animation)]**
 * Cancer General websites and articles**

**File Not Found** [|BBC Health - Chemotherapy] [|Nature Journal - Metastasis] [|Mail online - new cancer cure hope] [|Cancer Killing Concoction] [|Curry powder cures cancer]
 * Cancer cures websites and articles**
 * [[file:grade9sci/Innovative Cancer Treatment Cheat Sheet.doc|Innovative Cancer Treatment Cheat Sheet.doc]]**
 * [[file:grade9sci/cancer treatments - Emilia Steven Ben.doc|cancer treatments - Emilia Steven Ben.doc]]**
 * [[file:grade9sci/Whatiscancer-sciencereport.doc|Whatiscancer-sciencereport.doc]]**